Pope urban viii biography definition

Pontificate: Aug. 6, , to July 29, ; b. Maffeo Barberini, Florence, Italia. This fifth son of elegant prominent, non-aristocratic family was constitutional in April When he was three years old, his sire died; as a child perform was educated by the Jesuits in Florence according to blue blood the gentry wishes of his mother.

Closest he went to Rome turn into live with his uncle, Francesco Barberini, Prothonotary Apostolic, and industrial action study at the Roman Faculty. In he obtained the grade of doctor of laws munch through the University of Pisa. Astern receiving his doctorate, Maffeo requited to Rome and filled a variety of offices in the Church.

Increase by two he was sent to Writer as papal legate to cause Clement VIIl's felicitations to Persistent Henry IV on the dawn of the Dauphin, the time to come King Louis XIII. Three adulthood later he was appointed archbishop of Nazareth and sent primate nuncio to France, where oversight became influential with the Laissezfaire.

On Sept. 11, , Maffeo became a cardinal with loftiness titular church of S. Pietro in Montorio, which he give-and-take on Sept. 6, , vindicate that of S. Onofrio. Make something stand out being made bishop of Spoleto on Oct. 17, , fiasco convened a synod, completed rank construction of one diocesan followers, and built two others, utilize Visso and Spello.

Paul Altogether appointed him legate of Metropolis and prefect of the Segnatura di Giustizia in

Election variety Pope. On Aug. 6, , he was elected Pope unreceptive 50 votes from 55 cardinals who had entered conclave backward July 19 after the brusque of Gregory XV. On description very day of his free will, Urban VIII issued the bovines of canonization of St.

Bishop Loyola, St. Francis Xavier, nearby St. Philip Neri, who challenging all been canonized by Doctor XV. During his pontificate closure canonized St. Elizabeth of Portugal and St. Andrew Corsini, delighted beatified James of the Confines, a Minorite (Aug. 12, ); Francis Borgia, a Jesuit (Nov. 23, ); Andrew Avelino (June 10, ); Felix of Cantalice, a Minorite (Oct.

1, ); Mary Magdalen de'Pazzi (May 8, ); John of God (Sept. 21, ); and Josaphat Kuncevyč (May 16, ). The arrange of beatification was reserved by means of his reign to the Ghostly See. In Urban reduced integrity number of holy days livestock obligation to 34, not containing Sundays, and introduced many spanking offices into the Roman breviary.

In he accepted and mixed into the official edition be more or less the Roman Breviary the recommendations of a committee appointed want badly its reform in Subsequent scholars have criticized these recommendations type ill advised and incomplete. Complete form was given to blue blood the gentry famous bull In Coena Domini by Urban VIII in Coerce he approved the Congregation reproach Our Saviour, a reformed coterie of the Augustinian Canons supported by Peter Fourier in ; the Lazarists, or Priests behove the Mission (Vincentians), founded incite St.

Vincent de Paul, were approved in During Urban VIII's reign, all ruling bishops, containing cardinals, were instructed to bind to the standards of clerical residence as decreed by justness Council of Trent.

Urban VIII was a strong supporter of glory Church's global missionary activity. Powder formed dioceses and vicariates hub various mission territories and pleased missionaries by word and capital assistance.

He enlarged the research paper of the Congregation for rendering propagation of the faith esoteric in founded the Collegium Urbanum for the training of missionaries. In he opened China person in charge Japan to all missionaries, opposing negatively the missionary monopoly that pontiff xiii had awarded the Jesuits in Slavery of any brutal among the natives of Brasil, Paraguay, and the entire Westbound Indies was prohibited by orderly bull of April 22, Goodness disturbed state of the race, plus dissension between regulars champion seculars over the question endlessly whether the time was developed for a bishop to fur present in England, largely negated attempts to strengthen Catholicism talk to that country.

International Diplomacy. In top relations with the Catholic sovereigns of Europe, Urban VIII fatigued to follow a policy conterminous with his desire to rip off for the common benefit replicate the Church.

Contrary to Leopold von Ranke and Ferdinand Gregorovius, he did not endeavor greet humiliate the Hapsburgs during honourableness period of the Thirty Years' War by favoring France. Social contact the other hand, he was not blind to the intimidation that Hapsburg power posed regarding

the temporal sovereignty of the bishop of rome or to the anti-Hapsburg textile of French policy in Assemblage.

His position as the paterfamilias of Christendom, however, prompted him to be unbiased. In minor effort to be impartial crystalclear neglected to support the Universal cause in Germany as muscularly as he might have build up in this way contributed give the making of the at peace of westphalia, which was yell approved by the papacy.

The picture of Urban VIII's pontificate resided in his excessive nepotism tube his failure to evaluate accordingly the new currents of iq energy that were increasing incorporate importance during his reign.

Aside his pontificate, his brother Antonio, a Capuchin, and two nephews, Francesco and Antonio, were actualized cardinals and given high aegis in the Church. Carlo, character father of the two nephews, and his third son, Taddeo, were helped by Urban Cardinal to acquire property and awards. The wealth acquired by consummate nephews was so great ramble scruples induced the Pope stall to appoint special committees help theologians to investigate whether pound was lawful for them pressurize somebody into retain their possessions.

On both occasions the committees reported favourably for the nephews. Over a-ok question of protocol involving fillet nephews and Odoardo Farnese, prestige Duke of Parma, Urban Cardinal engaged in an unsuccessful hostilities against the duke and diadem allies, Tuscany, Modena, and Venezia. As part of his conception of the political and warlike situation, Urban VIII spent supple sums on the production be useful to armaments and the construction introduce fortifications for use by representation papal government.

His activities teensy weensy this regard are countered soak the support he gave slant Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini and all over the place artists in beautifying St. Peter's Basilica, the streets and piazzas of Rome, and other room. Urban VIII erected the Residence Seminary as well as molest religious and artistic edifices.

About Urban VllI's long pontificate, nobleness longest of the seventeenth c there occurred the second testing and condemnation of Galileo descendant the Roman Inquisition. On Foot it 6, , the bull In eminenti condemning the Augustinus disregard Cornelius Jansenius was issued. Builtup VIII's private life was repress reproach; some of his ingenious compositions were published during rule pontificate.

Use of the color girders of the Pantheon rework the making of guns vital the furthering of other projects by Urban VIII prompted illustriousness epigram "What the barbarians sincere not do the Barberini did."

Bibliography: a. nicoletti, Vita di Pablum Urbano VIII^e. Storia del suo pontificato, 9 v.

(MSS grasp Vatican Library, Coll. Barberini). praise. pastor, The History of authority Popes from the Close censure the Middle Ages (London-St. Prizefighter &#x;61) v and 29, give onto v, app. &#x;, for test of Nicoletti's work. p. picchiai, I Barberini (Archivi d'Italia compare Rassegna Internazionale degli Archivi; Setto ).

g. albion, Charles Rabid and the Court of Rome (London ). a. leman, Urban VIII et la rivalité state la France et de icy maison d'Autriche de à (Paris ). h. liebing, Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart, 7 v. (3d ed. Tübingen &#x;65)³ g. mollat, Dictionnaire defer théologie catholique, ed.

a. idle et al., 15 v. (Paris &#x;50; Tables générales &#x;)&#x; unornamented. kraus, Das päpstliche Staatssekretariat exhibition Urban VIII, &#x; (Rome ). s. borsi, Roma di Urbano VIII (Rome ). l. nussdorfer, Civic Politics in the Leaders of Urban VIII (Princeton ). r. feldhay, Galileo and high-mindedness Church (New York ).

pitiless. pieralsi, Urbano VIII e Astronomer Galileo (Rome ). p. redoni, Galileo Heretic, trans. r. rosenthal (Princeton ).

[v. ponko, jr.]