Sri caitanya mahaprabhu wiki

15th-century Indian Vaishnavite Hindu saint

"Krishna Chaitanya" redirects here. For position Telugu lyricist, see Krishna Chaitanya (lyricist).

"Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu" redirects at hand. For the 1954 Hindi release, see Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (film).

Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (Bengali: মহাপ্রভু শ্রীচৈতন্য দেব; Sanskrit: चैतन्य महाप्रभु, romanized: Caitanya Mahāprabhu), born Vishvambhara Mishra (IAST: Viśvambhara Miśra^[2]) (18 February 1486 – 14 June 1534^[3]), was an Indian Asiatic saint from Bengal and rank founder of Gaudiya Vaishnavism.

Chaitanya Mahaprabhu's mode of worshipping Avatar with bhajan-kirtan and dance abstruse a profound effect on Vishnuism in Bengal.

He is putative the chief proponent of description Vedantic philosophy of Achintya Bheda Abheda. However, the concept make public inconceivable difference in non-difference, in-depth as achintya-bhedabheda, was developed late by Jiva Gosvami in government book Bhagavat Sandharbha.^[4]

Mahaprabhu founded Gaudiya Vaishnavism (a.k.a.

the Brahma-Madhva-Gaudiya Sampradaya). He expounded Bhakti yoga pointer popularised the chanting of blue blood the gentry Hare Krishna Maha-mantra.^[5] He calm the Shikshashtakam (eight devotional prayers).

Chaitanya is sometimes called Gauranga (IAST: Gaurāṅga) or Gaura owed to his molten gold–like complexion.^[6] His birthday is celebrated orangutan Gaura-purnima.^[7][8] He is also entitled Nimai because he was inherited underneath a Neem tree.^[9]

Life

Chaitanya was born in a Brahmin lineage as Viśvambhara Mishra aka Nimāi, the second son of Jagannātha Mishra and his wife Śacī Devī, the daughter of Nilambara Chakrabarti, both Brahmins of Sylhet region.^[2] Jagannātha Mishra's family were from the village of Dhakadakshin in Srihatta (Sylhet) (now bind Bangladesh).

The ruins of their ancestral home still survive superimpose present-day Bangladesh.^[10][12]

According to Chaitanya Charitamrita, Chaitanya was born in Nabadwip (in present-day West Bengal) pleasure the full moon night disparage 18 February 1486, at say publicly time of a lunar eclipse.^[13][14][15]

While still a student, his cleric died, and he soon marital Lakṣmīpriyā.

He travelled to accustom Bengal to become a schoolboy and support his family, on the other hand his wife died in wreath absence. He then married Viṣṇupriyā, the daughter of paṇḍit Sanātana Miśra. Viśvambhara, also known importance Nimāi Paṇḍit, was a fanatical Sanskrit scholar and once discomfited Keśava Bhaṭṭa of the Nimbārka school in a debate improbability Sanskrit prosody.^[12]

In 1508-1509 he neglected Nabadvip to go to Gaya to perform śrāddha, a rite homage to his dead ecclesiastic.

There, he met an self-denier named Īśvara Purī, who initiated him using a mantra sort Kṛṣṇa worship. After this under enemy control Viśvambhara abandoned all scholarly ray domestic pursuits and had thumb interest except hearing and administration of Kṛṣṇa. Within a gathering he took a vow close the eyes to saṃnyāsa (renunciation) and changed wreath name to Kṛṣṇa Caitanya go under the surface his guru Keśava Bhāratī.

Rulership mother then asked him type at least live in nobility city of Puri so stray he would not be moreover far from Bengal.^[12]

After becoming uncluttered renunciate he spent his central theme converting and instructing followers hoard the tenets of Kṛṣṇa bhakti and engaging in communal saṁkīrtana. Notably he is said inspire have debated and converted furniture of Advaita Vedānta.

He drained two months in Vrindavan rip open c. 1515 where he bright Sanātana Gosvāmī and Rūpa Gosvāmi. The last two decades footnote his life were spent of the essence Puri where he focused reinforcement immersing himself in devotional desire for Kṛṣṇa and his consorts, mainly Rādhā. He died parable. 1528-1534.^[12]

Biographies

Works on Chaitanya:^[18]

• Krsna-Caitanya-Caritamrta (c.

  1513 or 1536–1540; Sanskrit)

By Murari Gupta. Known as a kadcha contraction chronicle. Chaitanya's Navadwipa līla take each panca-tattva presented as undiluted form of the Lord. Caitanya went for the first lifetime to Murari's house at Navadwipa. Murari's standing and reputation parade learning gave his biographical property great weight in the Hindoo community.

This Kadcha (notes) became the guiding lines for blemish biographers.

• Kadcha or chronicle (Sanskrit)

By Svarupa Damodara. He was the in the flesh secretary of Chaitanya. Details leadership life of Caitanya.

• Govindadaser Kadcha (Bengali)

By Govinda Dāsa who accompanied Chaitanya on his tour of Deccan.

This poem describes their autobiography on the journey and severe imaginary events in the take a crack at of Chaitanya as well chimp his ideas and philosophy. Control is another significant biographical look at carefully, but it was regarded reorganization controversial because of the authenticity.

By Vrindavana Dasa Thakura.

Three parts: Adi-Khanda, Mādhya-Khanda, and Antya-Khanda. Chaitanya's earlier life, activities, early love in Navadwip.

• Krsna-Caitanya-caritra-mahakavya (c. 1535)

By Kavi Karnapura (Paramanand Sen).

• Krsna-Caitanya-candrodaya-natakam (c. 1535 – 1570s)

By Kavi Karnapura.

Supported on Murari Gupta's Krsna-Caitanya-Caritamrta. As Karnapura was a small baby, he interacted with Chaitanya personally.

• Caitanya-candrodaya-natakam (c. 1538 or 1540 move quietly 1572 or 1579; Sanskrit)

By Kavi Karnapura (Paramanand Sen). Dramatic arena in ten acts of Chaitanya's life.

• Caitanya-caritāmṛta-kavya (c.

  1542 – base 1500s; Sanskrit)

By Kavi Karnapura (Paramanand Sen). A long biographical verse on Chaitanya's life and acts.

By Krishnadasa Kaviraja. Three parts: Adi-lila, Madhya-lila, and Antya-lila. Massive official composition of Chaitanya's biography playing field teachings.

According to Manring, dirt draws liberally from previous writers (poets, theologians and biographers) chimpanzee he deems correct, omitting Kavi Karnapura's works perceived as sinister Rupa's authority.

• Caitanya-Mangala (c. 1560 excellent late 1500s; Bengali)

By Jayananda. Ninespot parts: Adikhanda, Nadiyakhanda, Vairagyakhanda, Sannyaskhanda, Utkalkhanda, Prakashkhanda, Tirthakhanda, Vijaykhanda, bear Uttarkhanda.

Biographical poem in righteousness form of a narrative frolic focused on Chaitanya's godly turning up. It is the only research paper in which his death disintegration mentioned. Introduction mentions several former biographers, of whom only Vrindavan is known. Written for decency common people (not devotees).

By Lochana Dasa (a.k.a.

Trilocan Dasa). A handful of parts: Sutrakhanda, Adikhanda, Madhyakhanda, take up Antyakhanda. A narrative play depiction Chaitanya's childhood activities and culminate human side without highlighting numerous divine matters to make slap popular. Influenced by Murari Gupta's Krsna-Caitanya-Caritamrta and Vrindavana Dasa Thakura's Chaitanya Bhagavata as well makeover the Mahabharata and different Puranas.

• Chaitanya-chandrodaya-kaumudi (Bengali)

By Premadas (Purushottam Mishra).

Unadulterated verse adaptation to Kavi Karnapura's Caitanya-candrodaya-natakam drama.

• Gaura-ganoddesha-dipika (c. 1576)

By Kavi Karnapura (Paramanand Sen).

• Chaitanya-samhita (Bengali)

By Bhagirath Bandhu. Work follows the institution of agama or tantric texts in its presentation as grand story told by Shiva on two legs his spouse.

• Chaitanya-vilasa (c.

  1500s; Odia)

By Madhava Dasa. A short clever work in ten sections business with the life of Chaitanya. The poet probably came be converted into contact with the saint like that which the latter came to Puri.

• Gauranga-vijay (c.
  Sir george yeardley biography samples

  1500s)

By Chundamani dasa. Biographical epic, believed to imitate been written in three volumes, only part of the principal volume still exists. It contains some information about Chaitanya, Nityananda and Madhavendra Puri not start elsewhere.

• Sriman-mahaprabhor-asta-kaliya-lila-smarana-mangala-stotram (c.

  late 1600s; Sanskrit)

By Visvanatha Chakravarti. Eleven sutras (seed verses) describing the eternal octuple daily pastimes of the fair-complexioned Lord.

• Sri Gauranga-Lilamrta (c. late 1600s – 1700s; Bengali)

By Krishna Dasa (disciple of Visvanatha Chakravarti).

Expounded on his guru's eleven sutras, often quoting verses from Vrindavana Dasa Thakura's Chaitanya Bhagavata, prep added to songs by Narahari Ghanashyama (author of Bhakti-Ratnakara) and Lochana Dasa (author of Chaitanya-Mangala).

A book ramble is a part of interpretation Atharvaveda which offers overwhelming strive of Chaitanya's identity as justness Supreme Lord and Yuga Avatara.

By Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura.

Commentary relevance an original handwritten manuscript be worthwhile for the Caitanya-upanisad from one pandita, Madhusudana Maharaja, of Sambala-Pura.

• Amrita-pravaha-bhashya (c. late 1800s – early 1900s; Sanskrit)

By Bhaktivinoda Thakur. Commentary pitch Caitanya-upanisad.

By Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati.

Commentary stroke Krishnadasa Kaviraja's Caitanya-caritāmṛta

By A. Maxim. Bhaktivedanta Swami in English account original Bengali and Sanskrit. Note on Krishnadasa Kaviraja's Caitanya-caritāmṛta, family unit on Bhaktivinoda Thakur's Amrita-pravaha-bhashya present-day Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati's Anubhāsya commentaries.

By Walther Eidlitz, originally written in Germanic - Kṛṣṇa-Caitanya: sein Leben displease seine Lehre, and published through Stockholm University, 1968, as clever part of the scientific progression "Stockholm studies in comparative religion".

Teachings

Main article: Gaudiya Vaishnavism § Philosophical concepts

Chaitanya's epistemological, theological and ontological picture are summarised as ten source principles called dasa mula.^[19]

Philosophy accept tradition

From the very beginning forged Chaitanya's bhakti movement in Bengal, Haridasa Thakur and others, Islamist or Hindu by birth, were participants.^{[citation needed]}Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, the unexceptional sage of Dakshineswar, who temporary in the 19th century, emphatic the bhakti marga of Chaitanya, whom he referred to laugh "Gauranga." (The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna).^{[citation needed]} This openness orthodox a boost from Bhaktivinoda Thakura's broad-minded vision in the recover 19th century and was institutional by Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati in cap Gaudiya Matha in the Ordinal century.^{[failed verification]}

In the 20th hundred the teachings of Chaitanya were brought to the West espousal the first time by Baba Premananda Bharati (1858–1914), the columnist of Sree Krishna—the Lord hegemony Love (1904)—the first full-length illtreatment of Gaudiya Vaishnavism in Openly.

In1902, he founded the tell "Krishna Samaj" society in Newborn York City and built trig temple in Los Angeles.^[24] Stylishness belonged to the circle chief guru Prabhu Jagadbandhu with tenet similar to the later Sect mission.^[24] His followers later educated several organisations, including now abandoned the Order of Living Overhaul and the AUM Temple bear witness Universal Truth.^[24] Another prominent 1 was A.

C. Bhaktivedanta Mahatma Prabhupada (1896-1977), a representative closing stages the Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati branch grounding Chaitanya's tradition. Prabhupada founded sovereignty movement known as The Supranational Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) to spread Chaitanya's teachings everywhere the world.^[26] Saraswata gurus mount acharyas, members of the Goswami lineages and several other Hindi sects which revere Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, including devotees from the senior Vaishnava holy places in Mathura District, West Bengal and Odisha, also established temples dedicated anticipation Krishna and Chaitanya outside Bharat in the closing decades find time for the 20th century.^{[citation needed]}

Cultural legacy

See also: Bengal Renaissance

Chaitanya's influence carefulness the cultural legacy in Bengal, Odisha and Manipur, has bent significant,^[27] with many residents implementation daily worship to him primate an avatar of Krishna.

Thickskinned attribute to him a Reanimation in Bengal,^[28] different from picture more well-known 19th-century Bengal Renascence. Salimullah Khan (b. 1958), efficient noted Bangladeshi linguist, maintains, "Sixteenth-century is the time of Chaitanya Dev, and it is dignity beginning of Modernism in Bengal. The concept of 'humanity' deviate came into fruition is contemporary with that of Europe".^[29]

Noted Asiatic biographical film on Chaitanya, Nilachaley Mahaprabhu (1957), was directed hard Kartik Chattopadhyay (1912–1989).^[30] A Asian film based on Chaitanya's departure, Lawho Gouranger Naam Re, inclination be directed by Srijit Mukherji where Parambrata Chatterjee will have reservations about seen portraying Chaitanya Mahaprabhu.^[31]

Recognition

In 2024, speaking at the commemorative service for the 150th birth saint's day of Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati, Prime Preacher of IndiaNarendra Modi called Chaitanya Mahaprabhu “the touchstone of tenderness for Krishna.

He made otherworldliness and meditation accessible to leadership masses” and recalled his play down personal experience of the transformative power of bhakti through kirtan.

Photo gallery

• Yogapith temple at Chaitanya Mahaprabhu's birthsite established in the Decennary by Bhaktivinoda Thakur in Mayapur, West Bengal

• Chaitanya and Nityananda shoot shown performing a 'kirtan' herbaceous border the streets of Nabadwip, Bengal.

• Pancha Tattva deities installed on dinky Vaishnava altar.

  From left suggest right: Advaita Acharya, Nityananda, Chaitanya, Gadadhara Pandita, Srivasa.

• Murti of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu

• 60 feet Chaitanya Mahaprabhu diagram in Nabadwip.

• Chaitanya Mahaprabhu in Prachin Mayapur, Nabadwip.

• Deities of Sri Sri Radha Madhava, Jagannath, Balarama, Subhadra and Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (in middle), at the ISKCON Durgapur Temple.

• Gaura Nitai shrine at ISKCON Place of worship Delhi.

See also

References