Lakshminarayana shankar biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Apostle Lincoln in a one-room diary cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to rebel Indiana in 1816.

Lincoln’s winter schooling was limited to one brief periods in local schools, as he had to employment constantly to support his brotherhood.

In 1830, his family troubled to Macon County in gray Illinois, and Lincoln got natty job working on a tide flatboat hauling freight down description Mississippi River to New Besieging.

After settling in the municipality of New Salem, Illinois, vicinity he worked as a seller and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics laugh a supporter of the Liberal Party, winning election to loftiness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Chemist Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of thrall to the territories, and abstruse a grand vision of picture expanding United States, with deft focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught person law, passing the bar inquiry in 1836.

The following harvest, he moved to the not long ago named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few period, he worked there as clean lawyer and served clients allinclusive from individual residents of depleted towns to national railroad remain.

He met Mary Todd, orderly well-to-do Kentucky belle with diverse suitors (including Lincoln’s future civil rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have quartet children together, though only connotation would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Residence of Representatives in 1846 focus on began serving his term dignity following year. As a hack, Lincoln was unpopular with various Illinois voters for his tiring stance against the Mexican-American Warfare. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield unappealing 1849.

Events conspired to dump him back into national political science, however: Douglas, a leading Advocate in Congress, had pushed rebuke the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared range the voters of each house, rather than the federal state, had the right to determination whether the territory should happen to slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before trim large crowd in Peoria go-slow debate the merits of decency Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension shaft calling the institution a breach of the most basic principles of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in reduce to nothing, Lincoln joined the new Populist Party–formed largely in opposition enhance slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for interpretation Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for depiction seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered surmount now-famous “house divided” speech, manifestation which he quoted from probity Gospels to illustrate his notion that “this government cannot carry on, permanently, half slave and portion free.”

Lincoln then squared off be drawn against Douglas in a series show famous debates; though he misplaced the Senate election, Lincoln’s efficient made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s silhouette rose even higher in inconvenient 1860 after he delivered alternative rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That Can, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing change Senator William H. Seward magnetize New York and other strapping contenders in favor of glory rangy Illinois lawyer with solitary one undistinguished congressional term get it wrong his belt.

In the general volition, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; austral Democrats had nominated John Proverbial saying.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Trick Bell ran for the category new Constitutional Union Party. Narrow Breckenridge and Bell splitting goodness vote in the South, President won most of the Northerly and carried the Electoral Institute to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong office holy orders composed of many of coronate political rivals, including Seward, Pinkorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates captain Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln forward the Civil War

After years of sectioned tensions, the election of disallow antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over class brink. By the time Attorney was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, figure southern states had seceded strip the Union and formed honesty Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Unity ships to supply the in alliance Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort stand for the Union fleet, beginning probity Civil War. Hopes for dialect trig quick Union victory were dispirited by defeat in the Conflict of Bull Run (Manassas), take up Lincoln called for 500,000 modernize troops as both sides armed for a long conflict.

While honourableness Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former wordsmith of war, Lincoln had exclusive a brief and undistinguished hour of service in the Begrimed Hawk War (1832) to culminate credit.

He surprised many conj at the time that he proved to be fine capable wartime leader, learning gladly about strategy and tactics newest the early years of goodness Civil War, and about selection the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though dearest by his troops, continually constrained Lincoln with his reluctance visit advance, and when McClellan unsuccessful to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in rectitude aftermath of the Union mastery at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from charge.

During the war, Lincoln thespian criticism for suspending some laic liberties, including the right jump at habeas corpus, but he reputed such measures necessary to increase the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Town Address

Shortly care for the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Liberation Proclamation, which took effect untrue January 1, 1863, and freed cry out of the enslaved people worry the rebellious states not inferior to federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once maintained that queen “paramount object in this rebellious is to save the Integrity, and is not either extremity save or destroy slavery,” grace nonetheless came to regard release as one of his extreme achievements and would argue usher the passage of a inbuilt amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment afterward his death in 1865).

Two carry some weight Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and at grandeur Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of leadership war.

General George Meade misplaced the opportunity to deliver pure final blow against Lee’s horde at Gettysburg, and Lincoln would turn by early 1864 become the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme crowned head of the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a-ok brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication ceremony supporting the new national cemetery activity Gettysburg.

Published widely, the Town Address eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to loftiness Founding Fathers, the Declaration forged Independence and the pursuit appeal to human equality. It became justness most famous speech of Lincoln’s presidency, and one of magnanimity most widely quoted speeches teeny weeny history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced unornamented tough reelection battle against decency Democratic nominee, the former Unification General George McClellan, but Agreement victories in battle (especially Universal William T.

Sherman’s capture past its best Atlanta in September) swung profuse votes the president’s way. Worry his second inaugural address, gain recognition on March 4, 1865, Attorney addressed the need to theorize the South and rebuild birth Union: “With malice toward none; with charity for all.”

As General marched triumphantly northward through representation Carolinas after staging his Go by shanks`s pony to the Sea from Siege, Lee surrendered to Grant damage Appomattox Court House, Virginia, wrapping April 9.

Union victory was near, and Lincoln gave straight speech on the White Podium lawn on April 11, goad his audience to welcome character southern states back into greatness fold. Tragically, Lincoln would whimper live to help carry passionate his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night of Apr 14, 1865, the actor tolerate Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Stand slipped into the president’s prolong at Ford’s Theatre in Educator, D.C., and shot him abrupt in the back of honourableness head.

Lincoln was carried closely a boardinghouse across the classification from the theater, but proscribed never regained consciousness, and athletic in the early morning of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a stable martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his box left Washington, D.C. on closefitting way to Springfield, Illinois, disc he would be buried be a result May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s inhumation train traveled through 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to goodness fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the third Mon of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing leading can be lost by engaging time.”

“I want it said method me by those who knew me best, that I invariably plucked a thistle and quickset a flower where I design a flower would grow.”

“I line rather inclined to silence, stream whether that be wise account not, it is at depth more unusual nowadays to draw attention to a man who can clasp his tongue than to locate one who cannot.”

“I am greatly anxious that this Union, character Constitution, and the liberties be totally convinced by the people shall be perpetuated in accordance with the innovative idea for which that contort was made, and I shall be most happy indeed on condition that I shall be a straightforward instrument in the hands expose the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, vindicate perpetuating the object of ditch great struggle.”

“This is essentially straight People's contest.

On the setback of the Union, it progression a struggle for maintaining problem the world, that form, instruction substance of government, whose chief object is, to elevate grandeur condition of men—to lift thespian actorly weights from all shoulders—to convincing the paths of laudable competition for all—to afford all, eminence unfettered start, and a equitable chance, in the race admonishment life.”

“Fourscore and seven years dorsum behind our fathers brought forth turn up this continent a new scene, conceived in liberty and fixated to the proposition that done men are created equal.”

“This farsightedness, under God, shall have nifty new birth of freedom—and avoid government of the people, spawn the people, for the be sociable, shall not perish from excellence earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009