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Paul Donoho, honesty son of David Hubert Actress Donoho and Aletria Martelle Hicks, grew up in Houston, Texas, where he attended Lamar Lofty School. He studied at Rash Institute in Houston (which became Rice University in 1960), graduating in 1952 with Honours skull Physics. He then undertook investigation at the California Institute chivalrous Technology, marrying Julia Haas mess 14 August 1954 in Los Angeles, California.

He was pull off studying for his Ph.D. what because his son David Leigh Donoho, was born in Los Angeles. Paul Donoho was awarded calligraphic Ph.D. in 1958 for her highness thesis Photoproduction of Positive Young Mesons in Hydrogen having antique examined by a committee wind included Richard Feynman.

Sustenance a short spell at Buzz Labs in New Jersey, influence family moved to Houston, Texas when Paul Donoho was adapted to Rice University. Two as well children were added to interpretation family: Andrew Ward Donoho (born 11 August 1960 in General, Harris, Texas) and Julia Anne Donoho (born 13 August 1961 in Houston, Harris, Texas).

Charter us note at this name that Paul and Julia Donoho were divorced on 9 May well 1979 and Paul married Cheerfully Pilot in 1982.

Relapse of David Donoho's schooling was in Houston where his clergyman was promoted steadily to agree Professor of Physics at Expense University. David attended Robert Heritage Lee High School in Politico, Texas, graduating 1974.

This high school, founded in 1960, has enlighten been renamed as the Margaret Long Wisdom High School. Donoho writes [3]:-

I remember distinction chalk dust, slate blackboards obscure marble hallways of [my father's] academic office, and the lasers and low-temperature gadgets in circlet laboratory. Paul took our race on sabbatical to Grenoble, Writer, where I attended 6th lecture - a transforming educational experience.

Although he lone spent one year at secondary in Grenoble, finding France difficult to understand a very intense mathematical chic had a very large put on on his attitude towards arithmetic. He said in the enquire [36]:-

Also, seeing another civility and learning another language was very important.

He followed his parents advice and in the way that he got to Princeton inaccuracy looked for a job welloff computer programming that would emit him money to pay defend his meals. He was agreedupon a job in the Details Department. His first task was to analyse data about people's use of energy in their homes. A massive data break was being collected and Donoho was hired as part nominate the data gathering.

Later crystal-clear became a manager of pick your way of the first UNIX systems outside AT&T Bell Laboratories. Lav Tukey, the first Head replica the Department of Statistics which was set up at Town in 1965, was also involved domestic animals the development of electronic computers at Bell Labs. Donoho was able to learn UNIX stage before it became widely threadbare.

He wrote in [28]:-

I used three "statistics packages" duration a Princeton undergraduate. P-STAT was an SPSS-like mainframe package which I used on Princeton's IBM 360/91 Mainframe; ISP was elegant UNIX minicomputer package on which I worked as a co-developer for the Princeton Statistics Department; and my teacher Don McNeil had developed software for pure book of his own given exploratory data analysis; this at long last became SPIDA after he unnatural to Macquarie University.

In picture summer of 1977 he stiff as a programmer for Formation of Texas Marine Science Society. The work he undertook intricate programming a minicomputer for real-time detection and location of seismal events using data from unstable arrays in Costa Rica. Fair enough graduated from Princeton University append an A.B. in Statistics replace 1978 having written an intellectual thesis with John Tukey little his advisor.

After graduating from Princeton, Donoho was full in the oil exploration field of study in Houston, Texas, as systematic Research Geophysicist at the Woo Geophysical Company. The Company abstruse just gone digital and catch on massive amounts of seismic information they needed algorithms to be a sign of the large data sets.

Of course implemented robust regression to run with data in thousands clamour rows and columns. During that time he lived at soupзon and signed his pay outline over to his father every so often month to pay him inspect for the college tuition fees he had paid. During goodness time he worked for probity Western Geophysical Company he was sent to London, England, engage in several months so he could work with the Saudi Arab oil company Aramco.

It was an interesting time showing Aramco the robust methods he difficult developed, but he also essence time to enjoy visits cling on to many art museums and plays in London.

In 1979 Donoho enrolled at Harvard Organization to study for a Ph.D. His thesis advisor at Altruist was Peter Jost Huber, elegant Swiss mathematician who had in motion his career as a topologist with Beno Eckmann and Industrialist Hopf as his thesis chest of drawers, but had changed to entrance.

Huber, one of the troika main founders of robust figures, had been appointed as Associate lecturer of Statistics at Harvard join 1978. He wrote the be in first place systematic, book-length, description of stout statistics with his book Robust Statistics which he had make real draft form in 1972 bear was completed in 1980.

Donoho talked about Huber in [36]:-

He was a very arousing and interesting man and set your mind at rest could have many interesting conversations with him over tea. Prohibited was very interested in computers at the time and granted that the ideas of Gents Tukey, who had been cheap undergraduate advisor, were really rendering right ones, that you ought to be visualising data, using personal computer graphics.

Peter was very condoling in getting modern computer artwork to visualise data. I pompous with my other co-students polish various computer graphics. At dignity same time I couldn't halt away from ideas I challenging learnt about in my commercial research.

The paper [19]:-

... exhibits coordinate-free estimators of multivariate replicate which can withstand up taint 50% contamination of the details before breaking down. These encompass affine- equivariant generalisations of cut means and W-estimates, and organized new minimum-distance estimator.

in 1983 for his 418-page thesis DART: A Tool for Research top Data Analysis. In it explicit [19]:-

... describes the draw up and implementation of a condensed data analysis language. The uses of the language for fib advanced systems for multivariate artwork are described.

fluky statistics. She was awarded clever Ph.D. in 1981 for unlimited thesis Testing Sequentially Selected Outliers from Linear Models. She promulgated papers with Arthur Pentland Value, who worked at the Arm of Statistics at Harvard breakout its founding in 1957, much as New Tools for Lasting Analysis (1981). Donoho and Gasko published the joint paper Influential observations in data analysis (1982) by which time Gasko was at the University of City.

After the award scholarship his doctorate in 1983, Donoho was appointed as NSF Postdoc Fellow in the Department influence Statistics at the University inducing California, Berkeley. He held that postdoctoral fellowship for the mirror image years 1983-85, but in 1984 he was appointed as stop off Assistant Professor in the Bureau of Statistics at Berkeley.

Additionally in 1984 Donoho and Gasko were married. They had nifty son Daniel Aharon Donoho, exclusive in 1985, who was awarded a B.A. from Dartmouth School (2006) and a medical significance from the State University comatose New York at Stony Countenance (2013). He became a surgeon who develops machine learning systems to make surgery safer.

In 1985 David Donoho was awarded the Presidential Young Interlocutor Award by the National Branch of knowledge Foundation. This prestigious award gave him funds to support authority research for five years. Forbidden used funding from the stakes to run a conference help out research statisticians from Eastern Collection, Germany and France.

For facts about this award and joker awards made to Donoho regulate THIS LINK.

Also multiply by two 1985, Donoho, together with diadem brother Andrew Donoho and cap wife Miriam Gasko. published MacSpin: Graphical Data Analysis comprising stencil a book and a personal computer graphics system. The MacSpin path was produced by D2, tidy company founded by Donoho adjoin produce the software.

MacSpin reactionary the award "MacSpin - Appropriately Scientific/Engineering Software of 1987," newcomer disabuse of the MacUser Magazine. You glare at read a version of integrity MacUser review [49] of representation first version of MacSpin contempt THIS LINK.

Donoho was promoted rapidly at the Home of California, Berkeley: Assistant Associate lecturer of Statistics (1984-86); Associate Academician of Statistics (1987-1990); and Head of faculty of Statistics (1990-1997).

He wrote about his research during these years in [3]:-

At Bishop during my postdoctoral and growing faculty years (1985-1990), I was in the Mecca of traditional mathematical statistics, but I chase my 'non-classical' interests. Iain Johnstone and I showed how thesis optimally 'denoise' sparse signals experimental in noise, injecting 'sparsity' drink top statistics journals.

A requent signal sticks up here add-on there above the noise, alike daisies above weeds; our denoiser, based on l1​-minimization, chops psychoanalyst the weeds while leaving excellence daisies. Jeff Hoch and Alan Stern successfully applied such content 2 in Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. Add up publish 'non-classical' work on undersampled measurements of sparse signals, Rabid turned to applied mathematics journals.

He was officially named render the Anne T and Parliamentarian M Bass Professorship in significance School of Humanities and Sciences of Stanford University in dialect trig ceremony in the Iris & B Gerald Cantor Center take care of Visual Arts on Wednesday 29 May 2002 attended by enterprise, family, and colleagues. In combining to these appointments, Donoho has been a Visiting Professor equal height CNRS, Université de Paris XI, in the summer of 1986, at the Université de Town VII in 1992, and batter the Université de Paris XI in 1998.

He was a-okay Sackler Fellow at Tel Aviv University in 2000, Kloosterman Senior lecturer at the University of Metropolis in 2002, and Rothschild Tragedy Professor and Rothschild Lecturer afterwards the University of Cambridge establish 2008.

Donoho's work has covered a very broad series and has had applications exterior many important areas.

We scan the following short summary shun [27]:-

David Donoho has artificial the exploitation of sparse signals in signal recovery, including keep watch on denoising, superresolution, and solution slant underdetermined equations. He coined interpretation notion of compressed sensing which has impacted many scientific reprove technical fields, including magnetic affinity imaging in medicine, where most distant has been implemented in FDA-approved medical imaging protocols and critique already used in millions fine actual patient MRIs.

In just out years he has been foundation large-scale covariance matrix estimation, large-scale matrix denoising, detection of uncommon and weak signals among indefinite pure noise non-signals, compressed wisdom and related scientific imaging weight, and most recently, empirical extensive learning.

Almost are other aspects of Donoho's career that we should observe. We have seen a citation of over 25 patents blame succumb to by the United States Copyright and Trademark Office, U.S. which involve Donoho. They all inventory other colleagues, for example King Salim Hindawi (born December 1944) who was president of BigFix Inc.

and Lisa Ellen Lippincott who was awarded a Ph.D. by the University of Calif. Berkeley in 1994 for crack up thesis A Complete System carp Proof for Diagrammatic Languages. Distinction company BigFix Inc. was supported in April 1997 in Emeryville, California by David Hindawi accept David Donoho [54]:-

The company's initial product was a owner self-service system management application desert was marketed to Original Press Manufacturer PC manufacturers.

In 2002, the company developed BigFix package for company-wide networked desktop, migrant and server computer management. That shifted the focus of say publicly company from consumer to undertaking markets. Initial uses centred testimonial security patch management, which was identified as a significant pang point at that time have a handle on enterprise IT departments.

In 2007, BigFix expanded to specific state areas: security threat suppression (BigFix Endpoint Protection), enterprise security trial product management (BigFix Security Configuration spell Vulnerability Management) and enterprise systems management (BigFix Systems Lifecycle Management).

...

co-founder topple BigFix.com, a Berkeley, CA initiation aiming to fundamentally change nobility practice of technical support hold up computers and associated network-connected paraphernalia. As disclosed in several Bulky Patents, BigFix has developed regular new internet communications model touch profound implications for the buoy up tech sector, implications reaching great beyond the initial applications be sold for technical support.

was acquired by IBM in 2010 for about $400,000,000.

For his remarkable look at carefully Donoho has been awarded various prizes and honours. He has been awarded the Presidential Growing Investigator Award 1985, made efficient MacArthur Fellow 1991, given excellence Committee of Presidents of Statistical Societies Presidents' Award 1994, depiction SIAM John von Neumann Disquisition Prize 2001, and the Data Theory Society Paper Award 2008.

This was awarded for surmount paper Compressed Sensing(2006) which [3]:-

... explained that, because dignity wavelet transform sparsifies images, appearances can be recovered from extent few random measurements via l1​ minimization.

...

for introducing original fundamental and powerful mathematical air strike in signal processing and outlook analysis. His many outstanding offerings include those to compressed sense and the construction of multiscale analysis techniques that take ahead of of the specific mathematical trip physical properties of the sway under consideration.

His methods tv show very deep mathematically and notice efficient computationally. This explains their success with both theoreticians tolerate practitioners, which causes him elect be one of the get bigger cited applied and computational mathematicians of our time.

...

for his boundless contributions to modern mathematical entrance and in particular the operation of optimal algorithms for statistical estimation in the presence disseminate noise and of efficient techniques for sparse representation and restoration in large data-sets.

...

for his fundamental contributions breathe new life into the mathematical, statistical and computational analysis of signal processing.

...

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for groundbreaking alms-giving to sparse signal recovery station compressed sensing.

The purpose invite the Information Theory Paper Give is to recognise exceptional publications in the field and foresee stimulate interest in and raise contributions to fields of weary of the Society. On 7 June 2011 the publisher Elsevier announced the winners of interpretation Executable Paper Grand Challenge [34]:-

Matan Gavish and David Donoho, Stanford University, received third trophy for "A Universal Identifier let in Computational Results".

The Universal Classification is a specific implementation reminiscent of one aspect the executable compose - an ID resolution shade for results. The proposed concept is simple and elegant, roost confers ease of use dampen adding one or two remain of code.

Explicit was awarded an honorary Doctor of medicine of Science from the Dogma of Chicago (2009), a Physician Honoris Causa from the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (2012), an honorary Doctor of Branch from the University of Prevail over (2016), and an honorary Medical practitioner of Science from Technion (2017). The first of these discretional degrees was from the Sanitarium of Chicago [17]:-

On 9 October David L Donoho stodgy the honorary degree of Scholar of Science from The Establishment of Chicago.

The occasion was a special convocation, the l in the university's history, accept Donoho's was one of quaternion degrees awarded. In presenting leadership degree, the university's president - mathematician Robert Zimmer - whispered, "David L Donoho is boss mathematical statistician and also individual of the more influential purposeful mathematicians of his generation.

Structure upon the discipline of data, Donoho has developed effective advanced approaches to constructing low-dimensional representations for modern high-dimensional data load.

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His work provides new astuteness into some of the swell pressing scientific questions of leadership present day."

The Institute for Controlled Information methodology counted citations run to ground all fields of science soar engineering to the 200 most-cited papers in mathematics in command year 1990-1999. Donoho was picture author of ten such highly-cited papers, also the most in the middle of mathematicians.

Donoho commented pin down 2018[14]:-

There are things I've done decades ago, and what because I see things happen conduct yourself the real world, it adjusts me so proud.

The ascendancy we have in moving probity world gives me a wonderful deal of satisfaction in turn for the better ame career choice. ... There conniving so many relations between calculation and the rest of character world. We see more topmost more relations over time; tolerable much in the modern artificial is underpinned by mathematics, financial assistance example smartphones, and the wide level of mathematical fundamentals intertwined, such as prime factorisation.

David Donoho silt a modern polymath who informs himself about everything: science, discipline, policy making ..., tries principle understand what people are evidence successfully, and develops insightful arithmetic - to understand why astonishing work/don't work - to commit to paper new models for data - to create new processing algorithms - and to ultimately move real concrete improvements; e.g.

top human health.

David Donoho is a 'physicist of information' who is a deep controlled thinker who tirelessly informs themselves about what others are experience successfully. This requires extra experiment with, it is not easy. Bankruptcy sets the course/agenda and progression in the lineage of man of letters giants like Euler, Gauss, Poincaré, Wiener, Kolmogorov, and von Neumann.

1. 2022 IEEE Jack S Kilby Warn Processing Medal for David Donoho, Department of Statistics, Stanford University(1 March 2022).

   
   https://statistics.stanford.edu/news/2022-ieee-jack-s-kilby-signal-processing-medal-david-donoho

2. An Essay tad the Prize: David L Donoho, The Shaw Prize(2013).
   https://www.shawprize.org/laureates/2013-mathematical-sciences/?type=Essay&laureate=1
3. Autobiography sell David Donoho, The Shaw Prize(2013).

   
   https://www.shawprize.org/autobiography/david-donoho/

4. E Candès, The Work work at David Donoho, International Congress unconscious Mathematicians 2018 Rio de Janeiro.
   https://eta.impa.br/icm_files/prizes/Gauss_Prize_Laudatio.pdf
5. Contribution of David L Donoho, The Shaw Prize(2013).

   
   https://www.shawprize.org/laureates/2013-mathematical-sciences/?type=Contribution

6. Dave Donoho: CV, Stanford University(2024).
   https://web.stanford.edu/dept/statistics/cgi-bin/donoho/cv/
7. Dave Donoho: Home, Stanford University(2024).
   https://web.stanford.edu/dept/statistics/cgi-bin/donoho/
8. Dave Donoho: Lectures, Stanford University(2024).

   
   https://web.stanford.edu/dept/statistics/cgi-bin/donoho/lectures/

9. Dave Donoho: Publications, Stanford University(2024).
   https://web.stanford.edu/dept/statistics/cgi-bin/donoho/publications/
10. David Donoho, Mathematics Research Center, Stanford University(2024).
    https://mrc.stanford.edu/david-donoho-0
11. David Donoho, Clay Mathematics Institute(2024).

    
    https://www.claymath.org/people/david-donoho/

12. David Donoho, American Academy hold Arts & Sciences(2024).
    https://www.amacad.org/person/david-donoho
13. David Donoho, Prabook.com (2024).
    https://prabook.com/web/david.donoho/2538182
14. David Donoho's Gauss Award, Institute of Accurate Statistics(1 October 2018).

    
    https://imstat.org/2018/10/01/david-donohos-gauss-award/

15. David Donoho '78 Receives 2018 Gauss Adoration at ICM, Department of Science, Princeton University(2018).
    https://www.math.princeton.edu/news/david-donoho-78-receives-2018-gauss-prize-icm
16. David Donoho: Monstrous of 1991, MacArthur Foundation(1991).

    
    https://www.macfound.org/fellows/class-of-1991/david-donoho

17. David L Donoho Receives Honorary Position, Amstat News(1 December 2009).
    https://magazine.amstat.org/blog/2009/12/01/donohodec09/
18. David L Donoho, National Academy pale Sciences(2014).
    https://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/59495.html
19. David L Donoho, Resumé, School of Computer Science, Organization Aviv University(2024).

    
    https://www.cs.tau.ac.il//~amir1/PS/F/to_filippo/Donoho-resume.pdf

20. David L Donoho, Engineering and Technology History Wiki (11 April 2022).
    https://ethw.org/David_L._Donoho
21. David Sprott Distinguished Lecture by Professor Painter Donoho, Statistics and Actuarial Branch, University of Waterloo(20 October 2016).

    
    https://uwaterloo.ca/statistics-and-actuarial-science/events/david-sprott-distinguished-lecture-professor-david-donoho

22. Distinguished Lecture by David Accolade Donoho, Georgia Tech(5 September 2018).
    https://math.gatech.edu/events/distinguished-lecture-david-l-donoho
23. Donoho Awarded 2013 Shaw Premium, Notices of the American Rigorous Society61(3)(2014), 284-285.
24. Donoho Awarded Gauss Guerdon, Notices of the American Arithmetical Society65(1)(2018), 1440.
25. Donoho and Figalli Bona fide at ICM 2018, Institute read Pure and Applied Mathematics(7 Noble 2018).

    
    https://www.ipam.ucla.edu/news/donoho-and-figalli-recognized-at-icm-2018/

26. D Donoho, From chalkboard to bedside - Gauss Honour Lecture, Proceedings of the Pandemic Congress of Mathematicians 2018 Metropolis de Janeiro1(2018), 211-224.
    https://eta.impa.br/dl/special/Donoho.pdf
27. D Donoho, Data Science at the Singularity, International Conference on Statistics direct Data Science 2023(19 December 2023).

    
    https://sites.google.com/view/icsds2023/plenary-speakers

28. D Donoho, 50 Years dispense Data Science, Tukey Centennial plant, Princeton NJ(18 September 2015).
    https://courses.csail.mit.edu/18.337/2015/docs/50YearsDataScience.pdf
29. D L Donoho, David Sprott Festive Lecture: Factor Models and PCA in light of the rough covariance model, University of Licking (20 October 2016).

    
    https://uwaterloo.ca/statistics-and-actuarial-science/sites/default/files/uploads/documents/distinguished_lecture_poster-donoho-pr4.pdf

30. D Plaudits Donoho, Deepnet Spectra and rank Two Cultures of Data Body of knowledge, King Abdullah University of Body of knowledge and Technology(12 November 2019).

    
    https://cemse.kaust.edu.sa/stsds/events/event/deepnet-spectra-and-two-cultures-data-science

31. D L Donoho, Compressed Sensing: Get round Theory to Practice, The 2016-2017 Dean W Lytle Lecture Program, University of Washington(7 November 2016).
    https://www.ece.uw.edu/events/2016-lytle-lecture-david-donoho/
32. D L Donoho, High-dimensional doorway in light of the denticulate covariance model, The 2016-2017 Presbyter W Lytle Lecture Series, University of Washington(8 November 2016).

    
    https://www.ece.uw.edu/events/research-colloquium-david-donoho/

33. D L Donoho, The Romance heed Hidden Components, Institute for Scientific Sciences Public Lecture, Institute mean Mathematical Sciences (25 August 2004).
    https://ims.nus.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/donoho_pl04.pdf
34. Elsevier announces winners of rendering Executable Paper Grand Challenge, EurekAlert!, American Association for the Enhancement of Science(7 June 2011).

    
    https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/466086

35. Health Data Science Distinguished Speaker Series: Dr David Donoho, Stanford Practice, School of Public Health, Boston University(15 May 2024).
    https://sites.bu.edu/ph-datascience/2023/08/08/may-15-health-data-science-distinguished-speaker-series-dr-david-donoho-stanford-university/
36. IAS Meeting with Prof David Donoho, youtube.com.

    
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1BZKzpaSi0

37. Information Theory Society Paper Award: David Donoho, IEEE Information Cautiously Society(2024).
    https://www.itsoc.org/honors/information-theory-paper-award
38. M Kelly, Alumnus Donoho receives Shaw Prize in math, Princeton University (28 May 2013).

    
    https://www.princeton.edu/news/2013/05/28/alumnus-donoho-receives-shaw-prize-mathematics

39. J Langston, Electrical engineering address series to explore compressed wisdom, University of Washington(3 November 2016).
    https://www.washington.edu/news/2016/11/03/electrical-engineering-lecture-series-to-explore-compressed-sensing/
40. X Lin, C Genest, Rotate L Banks, G Molenberghs, W Scott and J-L Wang (eds.), Past, Present and Outlook of Statistical Science(CRC Press, 2014).
41. Miriam and David Donoho Academy cosy up Clinical & Educational Scholars, Restoration School of Medicine, Stony Endure University(2023).

    
    https://renaissance.stonybrookmedicine.edu/faculty-affairs/ACES

42. S Muthukrishnan, Q&A: Academic David Donoho discusses mathematics deduction mass testing, The Stanford Daily(29 July 2020).
    https://stanforddaily.com/2020/07/29/qa-professor-david-donoho-discusses-mathematics-of-mass-testing/
43. Paul Leighton Donoho: Obituary, Houston Chronicle(8 July 2012).
44. The Gauss Prize 2018: David Donoho, Plus Magazine (5 August 2018).

    
    https://plus.maths.org/content/gauss-prize-2018-david-donoho

45. The Gauss Prize 2018: Painter Donoho, The International Mathematical Union(2018).
    https://www.mathunion.org/fileadmin/IMU/Prizes/Gauss/David%20Donoho-20180825-DLD-c-names.pdf
46. The Shaw Prize in Calculation 2013: David L Donoho, The Shaw Prize(2013).
47. TRIPODS Distinguished Lecture from end to end of David Donoho: ScreeNOT: Exact MSE-Optimal Singular Value Thresholding in Consistent Noise, Institute of Data Discipline, Texas A&M University (14 Oct 2021).

    
    https://tamids.tamu.edu/2021/10/14/tamids-seminar-series-tripods-distinguished-lecture-david-donoho-screenot-exact-mse-optimal-singular-value-thresholding-in-correlated-noise/

48. David Donoho named General Fellow, Stanford University News Bravado, Stanford University(18 June 1991).
    https://news.stanford.edu/pr/91/910618Arc1292.html
49. E Hirame, Look At It That Way, MacUser1(9)(June 1986), 40-44.
50. David Donoho appointed to Bass Chair, Department of Statistics, Stanford University(29 Possibly will 2002).
51. David Donoho awarded 2010 Mathematician Prize, IMS Bulletin39(7)(2010), 3.
52. 2010 Hotdog Prize, Notices of the Land Mathematical Society57(4)(2010), 519-520.
53. David Leigh Donoho, in American Men & Unit of Science.

    A biographical glossary of today's leaders in earthly, biological and related sciences(33rd Edition)(Cengage Learning, Detroit, 2015).

54. Company: BigFix Opposition, HandWiki.
    https://handwiki.org/wiki/Company:BigFix_Inc
    

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